Last Updated on March 21, 2026 by Editorial Staff
Kentucky public records are government-created documents, data, and materials maintained by public agencies that are accessible under the Kentucky Open Records Act (KORA), codified at Kentucky Revised Statutes (KRS) 61.870 through 61.884. The Act, enacted in 1976 and substantially revised in 1986, 1992, and 1994, declares that “the free and open examination of public records is in the public interest” and requires all public agencies to make nonexempt public records available to any person for inspection. KORA covers all state and local government agencies, the executive and legislative branches, and any body that receives at least 25% of its funding from state or local authority — to the extent of that public funding.
Residents frequently perform a Kentucky public records search — sometimes called a Kentucky open records request or KORA request — to locate court filings, property records, criminal history, business registrations, vital records, inmate information, and other government documents. Kentucky has 120 counties, the largest number of any state except Texas. The state’s open records framework has several operationally distinctive features: a five-business-day response deadline (one of the shortest in the nation), a mandatory administrative appeal to the Kentucky Attorney General before circuit court, and a unique linkage between records access and the State Archives and Records Act that obligates agencies to manage records systematically.
Quick Answer: Where to Search Kentucky Public Records
- CourtNet 2.0 / eCourts (kycourts.gov) — Kentucky Court of Justice case search; free public access to limited docket information; full online access restricted to licensed attorneys and media; in-person access free at all 120 county Circuit Court Clerk offices
- AOC FastCheck / One-Time Request (kycourts.gov) — Administrative Office of the Courts criminal record report; $25/request; covers felonies back to 1978 and misdemeanors/traffic for last 5+ years
- Kentucky State Police Background Checks (kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov) — for licensing and employment; fingerprint-based
- Kentucky Sex Offender Registry (kspsor.com) — free statewide sex offender search
- Kentucky DOC Offender Lookup (corrections.ky.gov) — KOOL system; free inmate and supervision search
- Kentucky Secretary of State Business Filings (sos.ky.gov) — corporations, LLCs, and business registrations; free
- County PVA (Property Valuation Administrator) portals — property ownership and assessed values; one per county; most offer free online access
- County Clerk portals — deeds, mortgages, and recorded land instruments; one per county (not the Circuit Court Clerk)
- Kentucky Office of Vital Statistics (chfs.ky.gov/vital-statistics) — birth (1911+), death (1911+), marriage (1958+), and divorce (1958+) certificates; $10 birth / $6 others
- Kentucky Transparency Portal (transparency.ky.gov) — state contracts, budgets, salaries, and financial data; free
⚠️ Legal Notice
Kentucky’s open records law is governed by KRS 61.870 through 61.884. There are 16 enumerated exemptions under KRS 61.878, including: records of a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; confidential research records; records confidential by other statute; records of a law enforcement agency compiled in the process of detecting or investigating statutory or regulatory violations; preliminary drafts and recommendations; intra-agency or inter-agency communications; test questions and answers; records in which the public interest in nondisclosure clearly outweighs the public interest in disclosure; and others. The burden of proof to sustain a denial is on the public agency. Judicial records are excluded from KORA by Kentucky Supreme Court precedent (Ex Parte Farley, 1978) based on separation of powers — court records are governed by court-specific rules. Records of the Kentucky General Assembly (legislature) and its administrative arm (the Legislative Research Commission) are also excluded.
This guide explains lawful public records research methods and does not constitute legal advice.
Why This Guide Is Reliable
This guide is written by the research team at inet-investigation.com and based directly on KRS 61.870–61.884, the Kentucky Attorney General’s Open Records & Open Meetings Acts Guide (updated September 2025), the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press Open Government Guide for Kentucky, and official agency websites including the Kentucky Court of Justice, Kentucky Department of Corrections, Secretary of State, and Office of Vital Statistics. We cite specific statutory provisions so readers can verify our statements independently. We update our guides when laws or agency procedures change. We do not accept payment from agencies, databases, or third-party vendors to shape our content.
Why Kentucky Open Records Law Is Distinctive
Kentucky has a five-business-day response deadline — one of the shortest in the country — with a mandatory written response that must cite the specific exemption and explain how it applies to any withheld record. Under KRS 61.880(1), each public agency must determine within five business days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays) whether to comply with a records request and must notify the requester in writing of its decision. Any denial must include a statement of the specific exemption authorizing withholding and a brief explanation of how the exemption applies. The courts have held that agencies must provide “particular and detailed information” — a “brief explanation” is not sufficient boilerplate. If records are in active use, in storage, or not available, the agency must immediately notify the requester in writing with a detailed explanation of the cause for delay and designate the earliest possible date on which the records will be available (not to exceed five days unless a detailed explanation is given for further delay).
Kentucky requires a mandatory administrative appeal to the Attorney General before proceeding to circuit court — and the AG’s decision has the force of law if not appealed within 30 days. Under KRS 61.880(2), if a requester is denied access, they must first appeal to the Kentucky Attorney General (if they choose to enforce under the KORA administrative track). The AG reviews the appeal and issues a written decision — called an Open Records Decision (ORD) — within 20 business days. The decision is legally binding on both parties if neither party appeals to circuit court within 30 days. If not appealed, the AG’s decision has “the force and effect of law” and is enforceable in circuit court. This mandatory-but-expedited AG appeal track is a distinctive feature — most states either have no administrative appeal, an advisory-only appeal, or an optional administrative body. Kentucky’s AG track produces hundreds of published decisions annually (134+ in 2024 alone) creating a rich body of open records precedent.
Kentucky’s Open Records Act is uniquely linked to the State Archives and Records Act — agencies that fail to maintain records properly are found in violation of KORA, not just archives law. In 1994, the Kentucky legislature established that the State Archives and Records Act (KRS 171.410–171.740) is “inextricably linked” with KORA. The AG has consistently found that agencies which fail to create a records management program violate KORA, not merely archives law. This means that when a requester asks for records and the agency says it has none, the AG can examine whether the agency properly managed and maintained its records — and can find a KORA violation if the agency failed to create records it was required to create or failed to manage records it possessed. This records management linkage is unusually strong compared to most states.
Kentucky’s courts are excluded from the Open Records Act by judicial precedent, not by statute — court records access is governed by the judiciary’s own policies, and CourtNet’s full online access is restricted to licensed attorneys and media. In Ex Parte Farley (1978), the Kentucky Supreme Court held that applying KORA to judicial records would infringe on the separation of powers guaranteed by the Kentucky Constitution. As a result, court records are governed entirely by court-established rules — not by KORA. Practically, this creates a significant access gap: CourtNet 2.0 (the online court case management system) provides only limited docket information to the general public for free; full document access is restricted to licensed attorneys and media organizations that pay subscription fees. The general public must visit the Circuit Court Clerk’s office in the relevant county for complete in-person access (free) or pay $25 for an AOC criminal background check report.
Kentucky has 120 counties — the most of any state except Texas — and property records are split between the County Clerk (land instruments) and the Property Valuation Administrator/PVA (assessment), requiring researchers to know which office holds which records. Kentucky’s 120 county structure means highly fragmented local public records. The County Clerk (not to be confused with the Circuit Court Clerk) maintains recorded land instruments — deeds, mortgages, and liens. The Property Valuation Administrator (PVA) — a separately elected official in each county — maintains property ownership and assessed value records. There is no single statewide property records portal. Most Kentucky PVA offices and many County Clerk offices provide free online searching, but coverage varies considerably by county size.
Kentucky expressly prohibits commercial use of booking photographs (mugshots) — KRS 61.8746 bans companies from selling or publishing booking photos for profit unless certain conditions are met, with a private right of action for affected individuals. KRS 61.8746 specifically prohibits commercial use of booking photographs or official inmate photographs — targeting the “mugshot website” business model that republishes arrest photos for profit. Individuals depicted in booking photos used commercially have a private right of action for damages. This is one of the strongest mugshot commercial use prohibitions in the country and is directly codified in the Open Records chapter.
The Legal Framework
| Element | Detail |
|---|---|
| Governing Law | KRS 61.870 through 61.884 (Kentucky Open Records Act, enacted 1976) |
| Policy Statement | KRS 61.871: “free and open examination of public records is in the public interest” |
| Coverage | All state and local public agencies; executive and legislative branches; any body receiving ≥25% of funding from state/local authority; excludes courts (Ex Parte Farley, 1978) and General Assembly/LRC |
| Who May Request | Any person — no residency requirement; no stated-purpose requirement (commercial use of nonexempt records is allowed per KRS 61.874) |
| Response Deadline | 5 business days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, legal holidays); denial must cite specific exemption with explanation |
| Delay Extension | If records unavailable: immediate written notice required; detailed explanation of cause; earliest available date certain designated (not to exceed 5 days absent detailed explanation) |
| Fees | Actual cost; may prescribe fee schedule; commercial requesters charged actual cost; noncommercial requesters charged actual cost of reproduction only; advance payment of copy fees and mailing costs permitted |
| Mugshot Prohibition | KRS 61.8746: commercial use of booking/inmate photos prohibited; private right of action for affected individuals |
| Records Management Link | Failure to maintain records per State Archives Act = KORA violation (AG enforcement) |
| Exemptions | 16 categories under KRS 61.878; burden of proof on agency; must cite specific exemption with explanation |
| Appeal — AG Track | Appeal to Kentucky AG (mandatory before circuit court if using KORA track); AG issues ORD within 20 business days; binding if not appealed to circuit court within 30 days |
| Appeal — Court Track | Circuit court (KRS 61.882); requester need not exhaust AG remedies before filing in court; proceedings take priority on docket; burden of proof on agency; court may award costs, attorney’s fees, and up to $25/day civil fine |
| Civil Fine | Court discretion to award up to $25/day for each day of noncompliance with court order |
| Counties | 120 |
| Federal Districts | 2 (Eastern District of Kentucky — Lexington/Covington/London/Pikeville/Frankfort; Western District of Kentucky — Louisville/Bowling Green/Owensboro/Paducah) |
Kentucky Court Records
Kentucky’s court system has four levels: the Kentucky Supreme Court (seven justices; highest appellate), the Kentucky Court of Appeals (14 judges; intermediate appellate), Circuit Courts (general jurisdiction; civil cases over $5,000, felony criminal, and family matters; one per county in 57 circuits), and District Courts (limited jurisdiction; civil cases under $5,000, misdemeanors, traffic, and juvenile matters; one per county). The Circuit Court Clerk’s office in each of Kentucky’s 120 counties maintains records for both the Circuit Court and District Court in that county — there is one clerking office per county. The County Clerk (a separate office) handles property records and other county functions.
CourtNet 2.0 — Free Limited Public Access; Full Access for Attorneys/Media
The Kentucky Court of Justice provides court records access through CourtNet 2.0 via the eCourts system at kycourts.gov. The general public has free access to limited docket information (case number, parties, case type, and basic case status). Full document access — including pleadings, orders, and case file documents — is available only to Kentucky-licensed attorneys and qualifying media organizations that pay subscription and usage fees to the Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC). In-person access at the Circuit Court Clerk’s office in the relevant county is free to the general public — courthouse public access terminals provide more detail than the online public portal. Case records are stored at county courthouses for the first 15 years, then at the State Records Center (years 15–35), and finally at the Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives.
Federal Court Records
Kentucky has two federal judicial districts. The Eastern District of Kentucky (Lexington, Covington, London, Pikeville, and Frankfort divisions) and the Western District of Kentucky (Louisville, Bowling Green, Owensboro, and Paducah divisions). Federal case records are available through PACER (pacer.gov) at $0.10 per page after the quarterly free threshold.
Expungement in Kentucky
Kentucky allows expungement of qualifying criminal records under KRS 431.073–431.076. Eligible records include misdemeanor convictions after five years (if no additional offenses), violations, and some felony convictions (non-violent, non-sexual Class D felonies after five years). The petition is filed in the circuit court of the county of conviction. A $100 filing fee applies for misdemeanors; $500 for felonies. After expungement, records are destroyed and not publicly accessible.
Kentucky Criminal Records
AOC FastCheck / One-Time Request — $25 Court-Based Criminal Report
The Kentucky Court of Justice Administrative Office of the Courts (AOC) maintains criminal case records and provides public criminal record reports through FastCheck (registered users) and the One-Time Request portal at kycourts.gov. The fee is $25 per request. Reports cover felonies back to 1978 and misdemeanor/traffic cases for at least the last five years. Requests may be submitted online, in person (drive-through window at AOC, 1001 Vandalay Drive, Frankfort, KY 40601; Monday–Friday 8 a.m.–4 p.m. ET), or by mail (checks/money orders payable to Kentucky State Treasurer). Processing time varies by request volume. If a record is found on another person, that person is notified that you requested their criminal record.
Note: AOC reports cover court case records from CourtNet 2.0 — they do not include arrest records without court dispositions or inmate records. Reports are “not an official court record” — they are not signed judgments or orders. For official certified court records, contact the Circuit Court Clerk in the relevant county.
Kentucky State Police — Fingerprint Background Checks
The Kentucky State Police (KSP) administers fingerprint-based background checks for licensing, criminal justice, and certain employment purposes. KSP fingerprint checks are available at kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov. These are more comprehensive than AOC name-based reports and are required for many occupational licenses. Contact KSP Records Branch at (502) 227-8700 for fee and submission information.
Kentucky Sex Offender Registry
The Kentucky Sex Offender Registry, maintained by the Kentucky State Police, is publicly searchable at kspsor.com. The registry is free and searchable by name, county, city, or zip code. Kentucky requires registration for sex offenders and violent offenders against minors. Registry entries include photographs, addresses, and offense information.
Kentucky Property Records
Kentucky property records are divided between two offices in each of the state’s 120 counties: the County Clerk (recorded land instruments — deeds, mortgages, liens, and other instruments) and the Property Valuation Administrator (PVA) (property ownership, assessed values, and tax records). The County Clerk is a separately elected official distinct from the Circuit Court Clerk — a distinction that confuses many researchers new to Kentucky public records. The PVA is also a separately elected official in each county. There is no statewide consolidated property records portal, though many Kentucky PVA offices (particularly Jefferson County/Louisville, Fayette County/Lexington, and other urban counties) provide robust free online access.
County Clerk — Land Instruments
The County Clerk records and indexes deeds, mortgages, deeds of trust, liens, and other property instruments. When property is transferred in Kentucky, the deed is recorded with the County Clerk in the county where the property is located. Kentucky imposes a real estate transfer tax (deed tax) at the time of recording; this is calculated based on the sale price and is visible on recorded deeds, making sale prices generally determinable from recorded instruments. Many County Clerk offices provide free online searching through their own portals or through the Kentucky Land Records system.
Property Valuation Administrator (PVA) — Ownership and Valuation
The Property Valuation Administrator (PVA) in each county maintains current property ownership, assessed values, and property tax records. Kentucky assesses all real property at 100% of fair cash value. Most PVA offices provide free online searching by owner name, address, or parcel number through their own portals or through the Kentucky Department of Revenue’s assessment coordination. The Kentucky Department of Revenue’s Division of State Valuation (revenue.ky.gov) oversees PVA standards statewide.
Kentucky Business Records
The Kentucky Secretary of State’s Business Services Division at sos.ky.gov maintains business entity records. The free online search covers corporations, limited liability companies (LLCs), limited liability partnerships, and other registered entities. Entity status, registered agent, principal address, and filing history are publicly accessible. UCC financing statement filings are also maintained by the Secretary of State and publicly searchable. Kentucky requires annual report filings for most entities; failure to file may result in administrative dissolution, which is visible in the public search. The Kentucky Transparency Portal (transparency.ky.gov) provides a separate free searchable database of state contracts, budgets, salaries, and financial data for state agencies.
Kentucky Vital Records
The Kentucky Office of Vital Statistics, part of the Cabinet for Health and Family Services at 275 East Main Street, 1E-A, Frankfort, KY 40621, maintains statewide vital records. Birth and death records are available from 1911. Marriage and divorce records are available from June 1, 1958 (for earlier records, contact the County Clerk where the marriage license was issued or the Circuit Court Clerk where the divorce was granted).
Fees
- Birth certificates: $10 per certified copy ($10 non-refundable search fee includes one copy if found)
- Death certificates: $6 per certified copy
- Marriage certificates: $6 per certified copy (from June 1958; older from County Clerk)
- Divorce records: $6 per certified copy (from June 1958; older from Circuit Court Clerk)
How to Order
Records may be ordered by mail (application form + copy of ID + fee to Office of Vital Statistics), in person at the Frankfort office (Monday–Friday during business hours), or online through VitalChek (additional service fees apply). Processing times: mail typically 4–6 weeks; in-person often same-day; VitalChek typically 7–14 business days. For marriage and divorce records before June 1958: contact the County Clerk (marriages) or the Circuit Court Clerk (divorces) in the relevant county.
Access Restrictions
Kentucky birth certificates are restricted — access is limited to the registrant (18+), parents, spouse, adult children, grandparents, siblings, and legal representatives. Photo ID is required. Death certificates are more broadly accessible but require some documentation of interest. After 100 years (births) or 50 years (deaths), records generally become available to genealogical researchers.
Historical Records
The Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives (KDLA) at kdla.ky.gov holds historical vital records, county records, census data, and genealogical collections. KDLA maintains records retention schedules for all state and local agencies. Genealogical researchers should also consult the Kentucky Historical Society (history.ky.gov) and collections on Ancestry.com and FamilySearch, which hold extensive Kentucky genealogical materials.
Kentucky Inmate and Corrections Records
The Kentucky Department of Corrections (DOC) provides a free public offender lookup through the KOOL (Kentucky Offender Online Lookup) system at corrections.ky.gov. The search covers individuals currently incarcerated in Kentucky state correctional facilities, individuals on parole or supervision, and recently released offenders. Searches can be run by name, alias, or unique identification number. Results include offense information, sentence details, facility location, and projected release date. County jail records are maintained by individual county jailers — most Kentucky county jails provide online inmate lookup tools.
Professional License Records
Kentucky professional licensing is administered through the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family Services (for healthcare professions) and the Kentucky State Board of Education, Kentucky Real Estate Commission, Kentucky Board of Engineers, and dozens of other independent licensing boards. Most Kentucky licensing boards provide free online license verification through their own portals. The Kentucky Bar Association (kybar.org) maintains the official attorney roster with public disciplinary records searchable online.
Charity and Nonprofit Records
Charitable organizations soliciting in Kentucky must register with the Kentucky Office of the Attorney General at ag.ky.gov. The AG’s Charitable Gaming Division and charity registration database are publicly searchable. Kentucky requires registration for most organizations raising more than $25,000 annually from Kentucky donors.
For federal tax-exempt organizations, the IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search (apps.irs.gov/app/eos) provides free access to Form 990 returns. ProPublica’s Nonprofit Explorer (projects.propublica.org/nonprofits) also provides searchable 990 data for Kentucky nonprofits.
How to Submit a Kentucky Open Records Request
Any person — regardless of residency or stated purpose — may submit an open records request to any Kentucky public agency covered by KORA. Requests should be in writing and addressed to the official custodian of records for the specific agency. Each public agency is required to designate an official custodian (KRS 61.870(5)) and to adopt rules and regulations conforming to KORA requirements, displayed in a prominent accessible location (KRS 61.876). A standardized request form is prescribed under KRS 61.876 and available at many agencies.
Step 1 — Identify the Official Custodian and Review Agency Rules
Each agency must appoint an official custodian — typically the chief administrative officer or designee. Check the agency’s website for its open records policy, designated custodian, and any standardized request form. The Kentucky AG’s 2025 Open Records & Open Meetings Guide (ag.ky.gov/Resources/orom) provides model request forms and detailed guidance. Note: if the records you want are from the courts (Case records), they are not subject to KORA — use CourtNet or visit the Circuit Court Clerk directly.
Step 2 — Submit a Written Request
Describe the records sought with reasonable specificity — agencies are not required to compile information or answer questions, only to provide specific responsive records. Include your name, mailing address, and contact information. Cite “Kentucky Open Records Act, KRS 61.870 et seq.” The five-business-day clock begins on receipt. Email submission is acceptable and creates a useful timestamp record. Requests to inspect records (not copy) must generally be accommodated during regular business hours.
Step 3 — Track the Five-Business-Day Deadline
The agency must respond in writing within five business days — granting, denying, or notifying you of a delay with a specific explanation and the earliest date records will be available. Any denial must cite the specific KRS 61.878 exemption and explain how it applies to the specific records withheld. “Boilerplate” denials without specific explanation violate KORA. Document your request date and the agency’s response date carefully.
Step 4 — Appeal to the Attorney General (Within 30 Days)
If your request is denied, improperly delayed, or the agency fails to respond:
- Appeal to the Kentucky Attorney General (ag.ky.gov/Contact-Us/Pages/Open-Records-Requests.aspx) within 30 days of the denial.
- The AG notifies the agency and provides it an opportunity to respond.
- The AG issues an Open Records Decision (ORD) within 20 business days.
- If neither party appeals to circuit court within 30 days of the ORD, the decision has the force of law and is enforceable in circuit court.
- The ORD is not reconsiderable by the AG — if you disagree, appeal to circuit court.
Step 5 — Circuit Court (Can Skip AG Track)
Under KRS 61.882(2), a requester need not exhaust AG remedies before filing in circuit court. Circuit court proceedings under KORA take priority on the docket. The burden of proof is on the public agency. Courts may award costs, attorney’s fees, and up to $25/day for each day of noncompliance with a court order. File in the circuit court of the county where the public agency has its principal place of business or where the public record is maintained.
Free Government Databases for Kentucky Public Records
| Database | Record Type | URL | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| CourtNet 2.0 (public access) | Limited court case docket info; full access for attorneys/media via subscription | kycourts.gov | Free (limited); subscription for full access |
| AOC FastCheck / One-Time Request | Criminal record report; felonies to 1978; misdemeanors 5+ years | kycourts.gov | $25/request |
| Kentucky Sex Offender Registry | Registered sex offenders statewide | kspsor.com | Free |
| Kentucky DOC KOOL | State prison inmates and supervision | corrections.ky.gov | Free |
| Kentucky Secretary of State Business Search | Corporations, LLCs, partnerships, UCC filings | sos.ky.gov | Free |
| Kentucky Transparency Portal | State contracts, budgets, salaries, financial data | transparency.ky.gov | Free |
| Kentucky Office of Vital Statistics | Birth (1911+), death, marriage (June 1958+), divorce (June 1958+) | chfs.ky.gov/vital-statistics | $10 birth; $6 others |
| Kentucky Dept. for Libraries and Archives | Historical records; genealogy; records retention schedules | kdla.ky.gov | Free search; fees for copies |
| Kentucky AG Open Records Decisions | Published AG ORDs; open records guidance; appeal filing | ag.ky.gov/Resources/orom | Free |
| Kentucky Bar Association | Attorney licenses and discipline | kybar.org | Free |
| PACER | Federal court records (E.D. Ky. and W.D. Ky.) | pacer.gov | $0.10/page |
| IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search | Federal nonprofit 990 returns and status | apps.irs.gov/app/eos | Free |
Common Mistakes When Researching Kentucky Public Records
Attempting to request court records through KORA — they are exempt by judicial precedent. Kentucky courts are not subject to the Open Records Act per Ex Parte Farley (1978). A KORA request sent to a Circuit Court Clerk for case records will — correctly — be declined or redirected. Court records access in Kentucky is governed by court-specific rules. For case information, use CourtNet (limited free public access), visit the Circuit Court Clerk’s office in person (free, more comprehensive), or pay $25 for an AOC criminal record report. Do not cite KORA when requesting court records — cite the court’s own access policies.
Confusing the County Clerk with the Circuit Court Clerk. Kentucky has two separate clerk offices in each county: the County Clerk (property records — deeds, mortgages, liens, plats; also elections, motor vehicle titles) and the Circuit Court Clerk (court records — civil, criminal, family, and district court cases). These are different elected officials with entirely different record sets. Property researchers need the County Clerk; court records researchers need the Circuit Court Clerk. Sending a property records request to the Circuit Court Clerk (or vice versa) adds delay.
Filing an appeal to the AG after the 30-day deadline. The KORA appeal window to the Kentucky AG is 30 days from the denial. Missing this deadline does not prevent a circuit court action — you can still file suit — but you lose the faster, cheaper AG administrative track. Since AG decisions are binding if not appealed within 30 days and are enforceable as law, the AG track is often the most efficient path for routine denials. Always note the date of denial and calendar the 30-day appeal window immediately.
Relying on the Kentucky AG’s decision as final without monitoring the 30-day appeal window. Once the AG issues an ORD, either party has 30 days to appeal to circuit court. If the agency loses and does not appeal within 30 days, the ORD has the force of law and you can enforce it in circuit court without re-litigating the underlying records issue. If the agency loses and does appeal, the circuit court reviews the matter de novo (fresh) — meaning the court considers the facts independently, not merely whether the AG was right. Track AG decision dates carefully and verify that the agency has either complied or filed a timely appeal.
Not using the Kentucky Transparency Portal for salary and financial data. Many Kentucky researchers submit KORA requests for state salary, contract, and budget information — but this data is often already publicly available for free on the Kentucky Transparency Portal (transparency.ky.gov). The portal covers state employee salaries, contracts, grants, and expenditure data. Checking here first before submitting a formal KORA request saves time and avoids unnecessary fee estimates.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Kentucky public records open to anyone?
Yes — KORA imposes no residency requirement and no stated-purpose requirement. Any person may request records. Kentucky expressly allows commercial use of nonexempt public records (KRS 61.874). However, the commercial use of booking photographs (mugshots) is specifically prohibited by KRS 61.8746. Courts and the General Assembly are excluded from KORA coverage.
Does Kentucky have a FOIA law?
Kentucky calls its open records law the Open Records Act, codified at KRS 61.870–61.884. It is enforced through both a mandatory AG administrative appeal track and circuit court proceedings. The Kentucky AG publishes binding decisions (ORDs) and an annual guide — updated September 2025 — making the AG’s office a central hub for open records guidance and precedent in Kentucky.
Are Kentucky criminal records public?
Criminal case records are accessible through the AOC FastCheck system ($25/request; covers felonies to 1978 and misdemeanors for 5+ years) and in person at County Circuit Court Clerk offices (free). Note that court records are not subject to KORA — they are governed by court access rules. The Sex Offender Registry (kspsor.com) is free. Expunged records are destroyed and not accessible to the public.
Where are Kentucky property records searched?
Kentucky property research requires two offices in each of the 120 counties: the County Clerk (land instruments — deeds, mortgages, liens) and the Property Valuation Administrator/PVA (ownership and assessed values). There is no statewide consolidated portal. Most urban Kentucky counties provide free online access. Do not confuse the County Clerk with the Circuit Court Clerk — entirely different records.
Are Kentucky arrest records public?
Arrest records with court dispositions are generally accessible through AOC criminal reports ($25) and CourtNet. Arrest records without court dispositions, active investigation records, and juvenile records are generally restricted. Expunged records are destroyed.
Can a Kentucky public agency charge fees for records?
Yes — agencies may charge actual cost of reproduction. Commercial requesters are charged actual cost. Noncommercial requesters are charged actual cost of reproduction only. Agencies may require advance payment of copy fees and mailing costs. There is no statutory per-page cap in the Act, but fees must represent actual costs. The AG reviews fee disputes through the ORD process.
Final Thoughts
Kentucky’s Open Records Act framework is strong in several respects: the five-business-day response deadline is one of the tightest in the country; the mandatory AG appeal track produces hundreds of binding ORDs annually creating rich precedent; the records management linkage ensures agencies can’t claim non-existence without proving proper management; and the mugshot commercial use prohibition is among the strongest in the country. Key challenges: no fee waivers of any kind; courts are entirely excluded; CourtNet full access is paywalled for non-attorneys; and 120 counties creates a fragmented property records landscape.
For common research tasks: court records at the Circuit Court Clerk’s office (free, in-person) or AOC FastCheck ($25/online); criminal background via AOC; property records at the County Clerk (instruments) and PVA (valuation) in the correct county; vital records at the Office of Vital Statistics ($10 birth/$6 others); business filings at sos.ky.gov (free); state salary and financial data at transparency.ky.gov (free). For denied records, appeal to the AG within 30 days (ag.ky.gov/Resources/orom).
Related Guides
- Tennessee Public Records: A Complete Research Guide
- Ohio Public Records: A Complete Research Guide
- Indiana Public Records: A Complete Research Guide
- Virginia Public Records: A Complete Research Guide
- Missouri Public Records: A Complete Research Guide
- How to Search Property Records Step by Step
- How FOIA Requests Work
- Best Government Databases for Background Research
Disclaimer
This guide is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice. Public records laws and agency procedures change over time. Always verify current law and agency requirements directly with the relevant government office or a licensed Kentucky attorney before relying on this information for legal or official purposes.
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